By Swapna Kasturi

Hispanic America or Spanish America refers to the region which constitutes American countries that are inhabited by Spanish speaking people. There are several places that are dominated by Spanish speaking populations and as such, a common thread runs among these inhabited places and Spain mainly because of the fact that all these places were formerly colonies of Spain. In almost all these countries, the pre-dominant language is either only Spanish or Spanish along with several other local languages. The countries that make up Hispanic America are Argentina, Belize, Bolivia, Chile, Cambodia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Puerto Rico, Uruguay and Venezuela.

Hispanic Americans are related to Spain and comprise 15.1% of the total population of the United States of America. In fact, Hispanic Americans constitute the second largest ethnic group in the U.S. Hispanic Americans are the second fastest growing community in the U.S and have been around since 1565 when St. Augustine in Florida was founded. The term “Hispanic” was first used by the U.S government, during the Presidency of Richard Nixon and has stayed on from then. From 1950, when there were less than 4 million Hispanics to today, when the total number of Hispanics in the U.S is 45 million, Hispanic Americans have come a long way. Hispanic Americans have emerged from the shadows and proved themselves as a force to reckon with.

Their contribution to America is outstanding. Hispanics have actively contributed and participated in the American War of Independence, Civil War, Cuban War, World War I and II and the Vietnam War. They have also made major contributions to the fields of art, science, entertainment, politics, business, fashion, literature, technology and sports. Most of the Hispanics can speak Spanish. Another aspect that connects all Hispanic Americans is the problems that they face. Common issues such as education, poverty, unemployment, Hispanophobia have been and are faced by Hispanics. Hispanic Americans are working very hard to eliminate all these problems and an active improvement in trends concerning these issues can be observed. Thus, Hispanic Americans will definitely pave the way to a brighter future and contribute their part in strengthening and improving America’s resources, finances and culture.

The language barrier in St. Joseph between English- and Spanish-speaking communities is being broken down in small steps.

St. Joseph Police Department training officer Marla Wilson said in an effort to bridge the cultural gap, 15 officers, as well as other officials and members of the community, recently participated in a three-day Spanish language training course at the Buchanan County Law Enforcement Center.

Ms. Wilson said she brought the class to the LEC after seeing an increasing need for police officers to become more familiar with the language. It worked out so well, she said, that she’s looking into booking a second, advanced-language course.

“It was a very, very good class. I’m sure all of the (police officers) got a lot out of it,” she said.

Ron Strader, a warrant officer, said not being familiar with the language in his job is quite a challenge.

“If I run into a home where no one can speak English, I can’t do my job effectively,” he said.

Even though the department has one officer fluent in Spanish, as well as a list of translators on call, it’s more effective to cut out the middle man.

“We do have the resources,” he said. “Sometimes it’s not practical in the heat of it to say, ‘Hold on, I’m going to need to call my translator while you’re holding that gun.’”

Rachel McCoy, director of communications for Community Action Partnership, which works with Spanish-speaking individuals and families in St. Joseph, said the class is a positive action in bridging the cultural gap.

“We’re very encouraged they would be so progressive to put law enforcement in classes that teach Spanish,” she said.

Classes such as the one at the LEC are vital to St. Joseph’s community growth, Ms. McCoy said. Beyond just practicing a language course such as Rosetta Stone, she also reminds people that nothing is more useful than human interaction.

“There has to be a passion for the language. Without direct communication, so much is lost in the meaning of what people are saying,” she said.

Currently, Mr. Strader said police officers have been practicing courtesy phrases, as well as commands such as “let me see your license and insurance” and “I need you to stop.” Beyond the class, learning Spanish isn’t mandated by the department, but Mr. Strader said it’s something he realizes he needs to stay sharp on.

“It’s not something where we have to sit down every day and do. But I do practice the words because it’s one of those … perishable languages. If you don’t use it, you lose it,” he said.

Ms. McCoy said Community Action Partnership is looking into future programs to help English- and Spanish-speaking people meet and have a better understanding of each other’s cultures. She said she hopes the Police Department will be involved as well.

“So many other communities have come out and welcomed this culture,” she said. “St. Joseph is capable of giving, like so many other cities have.”

Source: http://www.stjoenews.net/news/2009/aug/23/hablas-espaol/?local

ANDERSON — Nora Punales was happy to get a job at the Anderson Police Department as a receptionist.

Turns out, the police department got a bargain; Punales speaks fluent English and Spanish. Those skills have helped the department and Hispanic visitors or prisoners cross the language barrier nearly every day.

It’s not that she’s not needed as a receptionist – she does “a little bit of everything” in that job. But beyond some police officers with limited Spanish skills, she’s the only person staff members can call on to help translate.

Anderson, like most Southern towns, has seen the growth of its Hispanic population.

According to the U.S. Census Bureau’s three-year estimates for 2005-2007, about 2 percent, or 3,200, of Anderson County residents are Hispanic. But officials have long said the Census underestimates the number of Hispanics because they are reluctant to be counted.

The Pew Hispanic Center put the Anderson County number at 3,531 in 2007. The center reported that 2,500 Hispanics were living in Oconee County in 2007, about 4 percent of the population. In Greenville County, the number was more than 29,000 in 2007.

Punales, 53, was hired in November on a temporary basis, but officials have been able to find enough money to continue her job for another year. She moved here after her husband began a job as a welder.

Her daily duties involve answering the phones, filing, helping people with questions and other duties. But her translation skills now are put to use in “a good 40 to 45 percent” of the job, she said.

It may be helping someone who speaks little English who needs to know about visitation for an inmate, or translating an officer’s explanation of the charges against someone brought to the station. Or it could be simply giving someone directions to another government agency, such as Department of Motor Vehicles or to Social Security offices.

Punales, who moved to Anderson about a year ago, was not expecting to need her language skills much when she took the job. But that quickly changed.

“I was very surprised when I moved here there were so many Spanish-speaking people,” she said.

The three dialects she’s heard are from Mexico, the Dominican Republic and Puerto Rico, she said.

She discovered there were a number of people coming to the police department front desk unable to explain what they needed.

“Some come in, and I notice they have a problem speaking,” she said. “When I talk to them, they say, ‘Oh God, thank you for having someone who speaks Spanish.’”

Some people bring their children to translate, but children may not know how to explain some words appropriately, Punales said.

Angela White, a medical assistant at the department, said Punales is able to put Spanish-speaking visitors or inmates at ease.

“Once she opens her mouth, and they realize someone understands what they are saying, they calm down,” White said. “That fear is gone.”

When a Spanish-speaking inmate needs medical help, Punales is called to translate for the inmate and the nurse.

Punales’ supervisor, Amy Sexton, said the staff members have done the best they could in the past, trying to write down information or find some common connection.

“We tried to talk ourselves, but usually they don’t understand,” Sexton said. “It’s made a great difference in being able to communicate.”

Now, people who know Punales can help them will seek her out at the station.

“We have Spanish-speaking people call and ask for her,” said Sue Miller, a detention officer.

Punales, who is originally from Cuba, said her family spoke Spanish at home, and she spoke English at school. She believes people who come to the United States should adapt to the culture.

“You are coming to a place that’s not your place, so you have to learn … the culture,” she said.

The police department is a good place to work, she said.

“Ever since I started working here, I have really enjoyed it,” she said. “It is a very nice atmosphere.”

Source: http://www.independentmail.com/news/2009/aug/01/police-receptionst-anderson-helps-break-spanish-la/